New York\u27s Juvenile Offender Law: An Overview and Analysis

In response to the public outrage over the light sentencing of some of New York City\u27s juvenile offenders who had committed heinous crimes, the legislature enacted the Crime Package Bill which made revisions to the entire justice system. The result was that New York was provided with some of the harshest juvenile justice systems in the country. This Article argues that the system is both ineffective and inefficient. First, the Article examines the historical development of the juvenile system, then the more recent reforms of the system, and finally the problems created by the Crime Package Bill

Manual for the Long Term Fiscal Model

The paper sets out a generic approach to the Long Term Fiscal Model (LTFM). The main purpose of the LTFM is to produce Progress Outlooks for Fiscal Strategy Reports. Progress Outlooks of the fiscal position are required by the Fiscal Responsibility Act 1994. The LTFM uses demographic, economic and policy assumptions to project expenses, revenue, assets and liabilities. The projections start from the end of the three-year forecasts in Economic and Fiscal Updates. Projections are usually presented as scenarios to highlight the uncertainty around the projections. The manual contains a technical description of the model and discusses procedures for using the model. A copy of the model is attached to the paper. It is a large spreadsheet run on Excel 97.

The collision and coalescence of water droplets

Imperial Users onl

The Normative Impotence of Ideal Models

In the methodology of theory construction, the concept of intuitions is commonly assigned a central role. This is especially true of philosophical and social scientific theories or rational human agency. An equally important trait of such accounts is the theorist\u27s employment of ideal models or rational agency. It is frequently supposed that the concept of intuitions and the concept of ideal models link in such a way as to give rise to a coherent and load-bearing notion of objective normativity. This paper shows, with reference to a wide range of contemporary theories, (a) that the employment of ideal models is otiose, and (b) that the supposedly related concept of objective normativity is groundless

Quakers in Thirsk Monthly Meeting 1650-75

Primary Quaker source evidence of three clusters of Quakers, within Thirsk Monthly Meeting during the period 1650-75, is examined. There were groups in Kilburn, Wildon Grange, near Crayke, and Sutton-on-the-Forest. There is material that describes their sufferings for breaking the law by holding a meeting for worship. From this material some indication is found of their backgrounds, their famili es, and their contact with each other. Church and other records show that these Friends had a place in their local as well as in their Quaker communiti es. There was also contact with Friends travelling in the ministry. Friends such as Thomas Rowland, William Thurman and Mary To dd formed the backbone of the nascent Religious Society of Friends. They were pione ers ready to suffer for their principles and faith. They suffered, by distraint of money and goods and by imprisonment for their testimony to worship outside the established church of the day